010080 SE Religion and Modernity: Between Fundamentalism and Secular Religion (2009S)

In the recent years the thesis of fundamental shift in Western religiosity has been often formulated. Manyfold new religious phenomena are seen as the manifestation of resacralization of the, allegedly disenchanted, Western worldview. With due acceptance of claims of the "return of the sacred," it is impossible to ignore the fact that the last century saw change in the social form of religion as well as in individual religiosity, both having become more subjective and spiritual. These phenomena are often seen as heralding the advent of a new-type spirituality based on the idea of immanence, or even of "spiritual revolution".
At the same time, the established religions are entering the public scene in form of traditionalist and fundamentalist movements, critical towards modernity. These anti-modern phenomena, labeled "deprivatization" of religion, constitute the opposite pole to the alleged individualization and privatization of religion, which resulted in the emergence of a new form religion, often referred to as "the invisible religion" or "the secular religion".