260030 VU Topological quantum field theory (2024S)

This course is an introduction to an axiomatic, functorial approach to topological quantum field theory (TQFT). In physics, TQFT offers a rigorous and (arguably) elegant framework to study and develop some aspects of quantum field theory in general, and to describe specific phases of matter and models of topological quantum computation in particular. Mathematically, TQFT provides algebraic invariants of manifolds (often with extra structure such as orientation, spin, or knots).

We will start with a concise review of (desired) properties of path integrals, and explain how they motivate the axiomatic definition of TQFTs in terms of monoidal categories and functors. These and related notions will be introduced (with no special prior knowledge assumed), along with various illustrating examples. Some of the general theory of TQFTs in arbitrary "spacetime" dimension d will be developed. After that we will mostly consider the cases d=2 (related to string theory and conformal field theory) and d=3 (related to topological phases of matter and quantum computation). In particular, we will study "state sum models" and "sigma models".

Prerequisites: Familiarity with linear algebra, some basic ideas about quantum physics, a fondness for algebraic structures, and a mere interest in the functorial approach to quantum field theory (the relevant notions and theory of categories and functors will be introduced from scratch in the lecture). Physicists and mathematicians are equally welcome to participate.

Lecture notes and other supplementary material will be made available.