Group of Compulsory Modules Oriental Studies (43 ECTS)

OR-3 Cultural and Economic Geography of the Middle East and North Africa (5 ECTS)

OR-4 Religious History of the Middle East (6 ECTS)

OR-5 Ancient Near Eastern History (8 ECTS)

OR-6 History of the Middle East and North Africa after the Rise of Islam (8 ECTS)

• 090106 VO Byzantium and the Islamic world
• 141222 VO Political History of the Arab-Islamic Near East (from the beginnings of Islam to the present) - des arabisch-islamischen Orients in der Moderne bis zur Gegenwart

OR-7 History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey (8 ECTS)

• 141026 VO History of Ideas and Culture of the Ottoman-Turkish Region (up to the present)

OR-8 Cultural and Historical Continuities (8 ECTS)